That's true, up to a point. The majority of it has to do with efficiency. The more efficient the engine can do it's job and get heavy trucks up to speed, the less fuel it's gonna drink.
Seems to be the truest point in this thread...
Adding a turbo increases the volumetric efficiency.
The synthetic lubricants increase the mechanical efficiency.
Proper timing increases the (C.R.S. is kicking in here) efficiency.
All of this and more will increase the fuel efficiency, our engines are big enough for our trucks, but by increasing the efficiency of everything you will increase fuel economy.
Porting and polishing will increase the volumetric efficiency.
Basically anything you do to increase the power besides adjusting the fuel pump will increase your fuel economy, some adjustments to the pump will increase your fuel economy, but that is a double edged sword.