I was thinking that the 83 A motors actually had different heads and that was the reason for the lower compression. I'm thinking the reduction in compression was slight and could probably be duplicated by shaving the pistons withing safe limits according to Mahle. Those guys told Gary how much you could chop off before it starts to potentially cause problems with the top ring. I don't remember how much that was, it was not a large amount, but anything could be significant where the starting CR is 21.5:1
This is going off the "6.9 Liter Diesel Engine Update" series of pdf's that were scanned from a Ford publication printed in October 1985. I don't remember who scanned these in (might have been Travis or Heath?), but it seems like I'm the only one who saved a copy and remembers that this publication exists

I'd take screen shots of the pages and post them as images or simply post the .pdf files, but I'm worried about getting in trouble over copyright issues.
According to this publication, the differences between the A engine and the B engine are in the piston, precombustion chamber, cylinder head, and exhaust valve. The compression ratio on the A engine is 20.7:1, which was upped to 21.5:1 on the B engine.
The pistons are different in the following ways:
- A engine piston height (top of the piston to center of the pin) is 1.9435 inches.
- B engine piston height is 1.9465 inches.
- A engine piston combustion chamber cavity is 4.5 cubic centimeters
- B engine piston combustion chamber cavity is 6.6 cubic centimeters
The combustion chamber cavity was altered to match the different precombustion chamber.
The precombustion chambers are different in the following ways:
- A engine precups have an overall volume of 21.89 cubic centimeters
- B engine precups have an overall volume of 17.43 cubic centimeters
- A engine precup throats are 0.270" wide
- B engine precup throats are 0.245" wide (which necessitated the design differences in the combustion cavity)
- A engine precup top opening (where it goes into the head) inside diameter's 1.240"
- B engine precup top opening inside diameter's 1.144" (outside diameter's the same)
If I'm reading this correctly, the heads were altered in that the precombustion chamber that's not part of the insert (i.e. where the glow plug and injector tip go in) was reduced in size, but it doesn't specify how much. The exhaust valve on the B engine was made slightly thinner (from 0.020" to 0.017") to clear the taller piston.
Hope this helps a bit...I really wish I could post the .pdf file
