Well unfortunately black smoke is normal for a mechanically fuel injected diesel. If you are getting tons of black smoke, you could change both the primary and secondary fuel filters (a rectangular one mounted in the engine compartment and round one on the frame). If one of the filters are clogged it will reduce the fuel pressure available to the injection pump and in turn reduce the fuel pressure to the injectors. The lower the fuel pressure to the injectors the worse the spray pattern out of the injector nozzle. Therefore, if after changing the filters you still have a lot of black smoke then you will have to live with it. It probably means the injection pump is wearing out. That does not mean it will die on you soon it just means it is starting to run rich. Change the filters (including air filter) and do not worry about it. A symptom of a dieing injection pump is stalling and hard starting.
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