My setup is in the signature.
The banks airbox was a maze of tight bends, and used a kn specialty dust scoop filter. The cold air hose was rarely hooked up and the box was hot already so i put a 4" filter right where the air hose attached and ran it fine like that for a year or two. this setup actually filtered! The banks mazebox is off finally.
Then i got rid of the banks box, adapted a ATS intake hat to the sidewinder turbo, and made a straight 4" pipe with CDR and support legs. I used a rubber boot that was on the banks intake side and boiled it until i could stretch it over 4". Nice and snug, and fit back onto the turbo nice. More direct routing and free flowing than the box, and i can see and work on the return lines, glowplugs, ip, etc without pulling nine bolts and three worm clamps while sitting on the engine
. The filter is roughly an inch, maybe two from radiator fan. This is forward most of the engine. Sitting in traffic could make it warm but i doubt at highway speeds it is very hot. Right now it takes one bolt and two clamps to take off the intake assembly all extremely easy to get at.
Future plans are to extend it past the radiator when swapping to a narrow style, and going to full cold ram air. With a diesel, more air is good air when it is free. A lot of people worry about free flowing exhaust but only take a freer flowing intake as far as soup bowl mods...?
When flowing anything, any turns are going to impact flow. The sharper the turn, the more. Subtle angles are better than harsh if you can