Sounds like you may have a weak lift pump or plugged fuel filter. It should squirt out on the pump cycle. Could also be slow crank speed. That being said, it should still prime eventually, though i would want to address the weak lift pump eventually too - it could be that the injection pump was starving for fuel due to this problem and this either killed the pump or was the original problem that may you think the pump was bad.
That being said, once you have clean fuel to filter bleed valve the pump should prime on it's own though it takes a bit. I've found that removing the injection pump return valve assembly (nut looking part on top of the pump that return line threads into) allows fuel to flow freely through the pump and primes it much better than just cranking. Woln't find this is any book though, and you're not supposed to need to..... I've had a a few times where it seemed to get air bound and would not prime until this was done.
Wd40/starting fluid woln't do anything without some fuel getting injected, so no point in using it... very very easy to hydrolock the engine from doing it too...