What do you mean by "blow-it-up"?
A turbo forces additional air mass into the cylinder such that there are more oxygen molecules to mix with and burn the fuel. This produces additional power, via a more efficient and complete burn. If the injection pump is stock and the timing is correct, this should actually lower your exhaust gas temps (EGT's), therefore you are less likely to see piston and cylinder damage under full fueling conditions due to high EGT's that are caused when there is an excess of fuel in the mixture. The flip side is you are producing additional power which increases the stress on internal engine components since the turbo increases both average and max cylinder pressures. However, the original Naturally Aspirated 6.9/7.3 IDI engine was developed to be very robust and tough at it's maximum rated power output of around 185 hp. Adding a stock turbo, and maintaining the stock NA pump will likely bump the power up to the 215 to 225 hp range. While this will result in a slight increase in component wear, it likely will not be noticeable. For example the expected lifespan may drop from 300,000 miles and 10,000 hr to 250,000 miles and 8,500 hrs. International Navistar changed very little when they added the turbo for the '93 model year. Basically a heavier piston pin and more robust connecting rod, and that was it. Those changes were made to get the engine back up to that 10,000 hr life expectancy.
Now, if you add a 200 cc pump, a giant turbo, intercooler, and spin the thing past 5,000 rpms, we can talk about "blowing it up".
